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How To Get Qnx 4 Networking To Function HOW TO GET QNX 4 NETWORKING TO FUNCTION INDEPENDENT COMPUTERS BOOTING DIRECTLY FROM THEIR OWN HARD DISK A common scenario is a number of computers on a network, which are independent of one another. This has the advantage that they can operate if the network is not functioning, or if one of the other computers is down (provided of course that the application does not require services supplied by that computer). LICENSES On each of the computers, the licenses for all the computers must be installed. So if there are six computers in the network, at least six licenses must be installed on each one. To install the licenses, run the command license and feed the computer each license disk. Diskettes with licenses have a small white sticker on the reverse side. For the QNX Operating System, the disk is Install Disk 1.
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On the target QNX system, run the following command: /sep Where is the location where the sep file was copied. The target collector loads and waits for the host system to connect. Multicast address filtering. Io_net_registrant_funcs_t, Functions in your driver that io-net can call. Nic_get_syspage_mac(), Retrieve a stored MAC address.
Upgrade diskettes have no licenses, so you must use the disk of the original version with the license on it. Never discard any diskettes with a white sticker on the back. The installed licenses take effect when the computer is rebooted, or the command license -r is run.
NODE NUMBERS Each microkernel must have a unique logical node number, starting at 1 and counting up. Node numbers can be skipped, but the highest number in use cannot exceed the total number of installed licenses. The microkernel is assigned its node number with a parameter to Proc in the build file. When the computer is booted, the secondary bootstrap loader loads an operating system image into memory, which is executed. This image contains the microkernel, the shared libraries, the filesystem manager and a driver for the hard disk controller. This image is created with the buildqnx utility, which reads a build file and creates a boot image. The default build file is typically /boot/build/hard.
N, where n is the node number, but this varies with operating system version. Near the top of the build file, is something like: sys/Proc32 $ Proc32 -l 6 There are quite a number of parameters that can be used with Proc32. Type use /boot/sys/Proc32 for a description.
These are also described in the Utilities - N to Z manual as well. Unlike most utilities, the values must be separated from the options with a space.
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Most of the parameters set values for the various resources needed and can be used to tune the system for optimum memory usage. The important one is -l n, which sets the logical node number for this computer, which in the example above is node 6. Edit or create an appropriate build file. Move up a directory level to /boot and enter the command to create a boot image, based on the build file: buildqnx build/hard.6 images/hard.6 Before installing the new image, save the current one as the alternate, so if there is a problem booting with the new one, the alternate can be used.
Cp /.boot /.altboot Now install the new image: cp /boot/images/hard.6 /.boot NETWORK CONFIGURATION While Proc has been assigned its logical node number, it is still necessary to somehow map this logical number to a physical network address. Arcnet uses an integer node number which can conveniently be set to match the logical node number. Ethernet uses MAC Addresses which are 12 hex digits long.
It is also possible to have more than one network, with some computers having multiple network cards installed which are connected to different networks (the computer must be the same logical node number in each one). A configuration file is used to describe which network each network card is connected to and identify its physical address. The configuration file is /etc/config/netmap. The format is logical node number, network number, network card address.
Comments are indicated with the character #, the fields are separated with some spaces or tabs. Example: # Ethernet Network 1 1 1 0080C839954D # Server 2 1 0080C8383B6D # Workstation (Jim) 3 1 0080C8174E6D # Workstation (Cindy) # Ethernet Network 2 1 2 00C09300EF92 # Server 2 2 72 # Workstation (Jim) 4 2 89 # Data Monitor # Arcnet Network 1 3 t1 # Server 5 3 t5 # Robot 1 6 3 t6 # Robot 1 In the above example, there are three networks. Network 1 is an Ethernet network running through the front office.
Network 2 is an Ethernet network which extends out to the shop floor. Network 3 is an Arcnet network, which is used to interface to the robots on the shop floor. The server is Node 1 and is available on all three networks. There are three network cards installed in it. Jim's computer has a second network card installed in it so he can directly access the Data Monitor. All computers have the same netmap.
Bridging allows computers that are not connected on the same network, to communicate, if another computer is connected to both. The networks both need to be IEEE 802, so it is not possible to bridge with Arcnet. So Cindy can access the Data Monitor indirectly via the server, but neither Jim nor Cindy can access the Robots in the above example.
Add the -b parameter to Net on the computers which are required to do the bridging (the Server in the example). Maintaining identical netmaps on all the computers whenever changes are made can be a system administrators nightmare. Use to do it automatically. NETWORK CARDS The physical node number, I/O port and Interrupt of most Arcnet cards is set with a DIP switch on the card. The Corman Arcnet card sold only by QNX Software Systems is more conveniently set with a configuration program which is accessed by typing ESC twice when the computer boots and Node n is displayed on the screen. The physical MAC Addresses of Ethernet cards are set at the factory and are often listed on a label on the card. The I/O port and Interrupt must be manually set with most ISA bus cards and must not conflict with other cards in the computer.
Some are set with jumpers and others are set with a DOS configuration program. Many of these cards cannot be correctly detected by the nettrap utility, so the values must be given to the drivers as parameters. PCI cards and some Plug 'n Play cards have their configuration set automatically. NETWORK CABLING Arcnet uses coax cables (RG62) connected with BNC connectors to a central hub, in what is commonly referred to as star topology.
Ethernet can be used with different cable systems. The two most popular are unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and Thin Wire (Coax).
UTP uses RJ45 connectors, which are larger versions of those used with telephones. Each is connected to a central hub. A computer can be disconnected from the hub without affecting the rest of the network. Thin Wire uses RG58 coax and BNC connectors to attach the computers in a single daisy chain.
At each card is a T connector, which connects two cables, one to each of the two computers farther up or down the chain. A 50 ohm terminator is required at each end of the cable. A bad connection or missing terminator may prevent the entire network from operating.
NETWORK SOFTWARE In each computer, the Network Administrator, Net must be running. Also a driver specific to the type of network card must also be used. These are typically started in the system initialization file, which is executed at boot time. This file is /etc/config/sysinit.n, where n is the node number.
Some typical entries would include the following items. The name locator utility handles licensing as well as polling for nodes which are down. It is usually started early, so it is available as other services are started. Nameloc & The network administrator: Net -t1 & The network card driver: Net.ether1000 -6 -p320 -i5 -v & Load the information from /etc/config/netmap into Net: netmap -f TESTING If everything has been configured and installed as described, the computers should be able to talk to one another.
Boot them all up. Type sin net and a list of the accessible computers will be displayed. TROUBLESHOOTING Ok, so you did everything, but it still doesn't work? All the the above items must be correct, or the network will not function.
If the driver printed an error message and stopped, then there is likely a conflict or configuration problem with the card. If you type sin ver, an entry for Net and an entry for each driver should be displayed. Use the -v parameter when starting the driver and verify that the I/O Port and Interrupt displayed are the ones the jumpers are set to (note that some drivers display their Interrupt as a hex value). It is possible that the autodetect is failing to identify the correct values, so you can try specifying the I/O Port and Interrupt as parameters to the driver.
Check that no other hardware is interfering with those settings. In some cases, you can remove unnecessary cards to see if the problem goes away.
If the driver is refusing to accept the card and is terminating, it may be that the card is not supported by the driver. There are many cards on the market and all of them are not supported. You may even have a card based on a chipset that is supported by QNX, but the card is designed using some unusual feature that makes it incompatible. If the driver appears to be happily running, check the physical to logical node mapping. Use the -v parameter to the driver and ensure that the MAC address of the card is identical to the address Net thinks it is. Type netmap on each computer to see Net's in memory version of /etc/config/netmap.
If fewer entries than expected are displayed, there are probably too few licenses installed. Type sin net on each machine. Check they are each the logical node (Nid) that they are supposed to be set to. If these things are all correct, it is likely a problem with the cabling. Try another cable if available and try connecting the cables into different jacks of the hub. Many UTP hubs and cards indicate with an LED that a connection is made, but that doesn't guarantee all the wires are connected and correct.
Look for a wiring error. When holding both ends of the cable beside each other, oriented the same way, the colours of the wires should be the same in each position. All eight wires should be connected.
Some UTP hubs have a jack which can be used to connect two hubs together. This jack is often wired differently, or there is a switch to flip the wiring. Check it is correct. If you are using Thin Wire Ethernet, ensure that you have terminators at each end of the cable. You cannot use a T-connector to make a cable that runs off in three directions. There are a few cards available that have jumper selectable on-board termination.
Check that this is disabled. Check the cable is RG58, it will be marked right on the cable. Try different cables, T connectors and terminators. A bad connection inside any of these will prevent the network from working.
Note: These instructions are for typical situations. Individual configuration may differ. If you have any questions, please for assistance. Copyright © 1999 Qenesis Inc.
Hi We have got our BSP up and running but I am looking for a way to set the MAC and IP addresses dynamically instead of fixing them in the start up script. Currently I have the two lines: io-net -c1 -ptcpip cache=1 -dmpc5200 mac=80 ifconfig en0 192.168.1.62 In my startup-script.bsh. We have the MAC and IP addresses stored at a certain address in the FLASH and I have written a tool to get them from there. I can call the tool supplying the address I am interested in as a command line parameter and the tool will then output the value of the variable: # getaddr ipaddr 10.20.0.210 # getaddr ethaddr D1 In the normal shell I can use back-apostrophes (or whatever they are properly called) to use the output of the command as parameter for another command. So I can use # ifconfig en0 `getaddr ipaddr` to set the ip address to the address stored in FLASH.
I have included my tool in the BSP image that I am building and replaced the two lines from the script shown above with io-net -c1 -ptcpip cache=1 -dmpc5200 mac=`getaddr ethaddr` ifconfig en0 `getaddr ipaddr` but apparently the trick of using back-apostrophes does not work in the startup script. I am sure that there is a solution to this problem, can anyone give me a hin`t? Thanks /urs Urs Beeli. Io-net -c1 -ptcpip cache=1 -dmpc5200 mac=80 ifconfig en0 192.168.1.62 In my startup-script.bsh. We have the MAC and IP addresses stored at a certain address in the FLASH and I have written a tool to get them from there.
I can call the tool supplying the address I am interested in as a command line parameter and the tool will then output the value of the variable: # getaddr ipaddr 10.20.0.210 # getaddr ethaddr D1 In the normal shell I can use back-apostrophes (or whatever they are properly called) to use the output of the command as parameter for another command. So I can use # ifconfig en0 `getaddr ipaddr` to set the ip address to the address stored in FLASH. I have included my tool in the BSP image that I am building and replaced the two lines from the script shown above with io-net -c1 -ptcpip cache=1 -dmpc5200 mac=`getaddr ethaddr` ifconfig en0 `getaddr ipaddr` but apparently the trick of using back-apostrophes does not work in the startup script.
I am sure that there is a solution to this problem, can anyone give me a hin`t? Thanks /urs - David Green QNX Software Systems Ltd. Hwiadddevice(HWIITEMBUSUNKNOWN, HWIITEMDEVCLASSNETWORK, 'network', 0); hwiaddnicaddr(macbuf,6); The compiler complains that I am using implicit declarations for these two functions. I have tried searching for them in the online help but got no hit. Interestingly enough, if I browse the information on the syspage I get these functions listed. I tried including to no avail (they were the headers listed in the online help).
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I have also tried a file based search for these two functions but without success. Do I have to roll my own? Or should they be offered by the BSP? 'Dave Green' wrote in message news:dh12vq$1nc$1@inn.qnx.com. Hi Dave Thanks for your answer. I have tried to play around a little with your suggestion, however, I have run up against a few obstacles.
To modify the startup code to get the MAC address and populate the syspage, you can add code similar to the following to the inithwinfo.c routine of startup-mgt5200 (note that this code is for a different board - modify the reading and converting of the MAC address accordingly): I have adapted the reading and converting of the MAC address, that was a piece of cake. Where I have problem is for the following lines: hwiadddevice(HWIITEMBUSUNKNOWN, HWIITEMDEVCLASSNETWORK, 'network', 0); hwiaddnicaddr(macbuf,6); The compiler complains that I am using implicit declarations for these two functions. These functions are part of the startup library; all you should need in your inithwinfo.c is: #include 'startup.h'. I have tried searching for them in the online help but got no hit.
Interestingly enough, if I browse the information on the syspage I get these functions listed. I tried including sys/syspage.h hw/sysinfo.h to no avail (they were the headers listed in the online help).
I have also tried a file based search for these two functions but without success. Do I have to roll my own? Or should they be offered by the BSP? The devn-mpc5200 network driver will then obtain the MAC address from the syspage. Assuming I manage to get this to work, I then still have the issue of the IP address. Is there a similar method for providing iofconfig with a default ip-address?
No, I don't believe so.